Review

Abstract. The article deals with the problematic issues of the defense counsel’s participation when informing a person of suspicion during the investigation of criminal offenses regarding different categories of people. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and practical issues related to the participation of the defense attorney during the notification of suspicion to certain categories of persons, to identify problematic aspects and, based on this, to formulate scientifically based proposals for the improvement of criminal procedural legislation and the practice of its application. The author found out that among the main terms defined in Art. 3 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, the legislator does not disclose the concept of «suspicion», due to which difficulties in both theoretical and practical directions arise in law enforcement. The analysis of the legal nature of the specified definition made it possible to propose the author’s definition, according to which suspicion is proposed to be understood as a well-founded assumption (based on the evaluation of the evidence available at a certain point in time) of the investigator, inquirer and/or prosecutor about the involvement of a person in the commission of a specific criminal offense, procedurally recorded in the notification of suspicion, which must be checked for refutation or confirmation. It is emphasized that the subject of criminal offenses in the field of official activity is an official (special subject) who has a responsible or particularly responsible position. In this regard, a special procedure for criminal proceedings is provided at the legislative level, in which the institution of the notification of suspicion is of key importance, and is also a way of integrating the norms of other branches of legislation, which regulate the public-legal status of the specified persons. Therefore, branch legislation in combination with the norms of criminal procedural law creates a holistic mechanism for the implementation of guarantees of independence and inviolability of such persons. With the help of a systematic and logical-structural analysis of the extra-final procedural legislation of Ukraine, as well as the legal positions of the ECtHR, it has been proven that the notions of notification of suspicion and making a false notification of suspicion, which are not identical, should be distinguished. For a clearer understanding of this procedure, the author proposes to improve the current legislation with provisions that a judge can be notified of a suspicion of a criminal offense only by the Prosecutor General or his deputy. The Prosecutor General (acting Prosecutor General), his deputy, the head of the regional prosecutor’s office can instruct other prosecutors to notify the judge in writing of the suspicion. Key words: suspicion, defender, procedural status, notice of suspicion, special subject, official, pre-trial investigation.   REFERENCES LIST OF LEGAL DOCUMENTS LEGISLATION

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  BIBLIOGRAPHY AUTHORED BOOKS

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  EDITED BOOKS

1. Banchuka O A, Kuibida R O, Khavroniuk M I (za red.), Naukovo-praktychnyi komentar do Kryminalnoho protsesualnoho kodeksu Ukrainy vid 13.04.2012 roku [Scientific and practical commentary to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine dated April 13, 2012] (Kharkiv, Faktor, 2013) 846 [in Ukrainian].
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  ARTICLES

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8. Krymchuk S H, Do pytannia povidomlennia pro pidozru okremii katehorii osib [On the issue of notification of suspicion to a certain category of persons] (2019) 6 Naukovyi visnyk publichnoho ta pryvatnoho prava 150 [in Ukrainian].
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11. Pohoretskyi M A, Hryniuk V O, Povidomlennia suddi pro pidozru: problemni pytannia pravovoho rehuliuvannia, teorii ta praktyky [Notification of a judge about suspicion: problematic issues of legal regulation, theory and practice] (2018) 2 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 58–71 [in Ukrainian]. 35. Pohoretskyi M A, Starenkyi O S, Zdiisnennia kryminalnoho provadzhennia shchodo narodnykh deputativ: okremi problemni pytannia [Carrying out criminal proceedings against people’s deputies: certain problematic issues] (2017) 2 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 79–90 [in Ukrainian].
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14. Pohoretskyi M, Teoriia kryminalnoho protsesualnoho dokazuvannia: problemni pytannia [Theory of criminal procedural evidence: problematic issues] (2014) 10 Pravo Ukrainy 12–25 [in Ukrainian].
15. Pohoretskyi M A, Poniattia kryminalno-protsesualnykh harantii [The concept of criminal procedural guarantees] (2014) 2 (10) Chasopys Natsionalnoho universytetu «Ostrozka akademiia». Seriia: Pravo data zvernennia: 15.05.2021 [in Ukrainian].
16. Pohoretskyi M A, Hrytsenko I S, Pravo na spravedlyvyi sud [The right to a fair trial] (2012) 91 Visnyk Kyivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka. Seriia «iurydychni nauky» 4–7 [in Ukrainian].
17. Posvystak O, Zdiisnennia povidomlennia pro pidozru osobam, shchodo yakykh zdiisniuietsia osoblyvyi poriadok kryminalnoho provadzhennia [Implementation of a notice of suspicion to persons subject to a special procedure of criminal proceedings] (2019) 5 Pidpryiemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i pravo 280–285 [in Ukrainian].
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20. Sukhov Yu, Yaki vymohy vysuvaie KPK do zdiisnennia kryminalnoho provadzhennia stosovno profesiinoho suddi [What are the requirements of the CPC for conducting criminal proceedings against a professional judge] (2015) 22 (1216) Zakon i biznes data zvernennia 14.05.2021 [in Ukrainian].
21. Tatarov O Yu, Cherniavskyi S S, Uchast zakhysnyka u kryminalnomu provadzhenni: problemy zakonodavchoho vrehuliuvannia [Participation of a defense attorney in criminal proceedings: problems of legislative regulation] (2015) 2 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 77–84 [in Ukrainian].
22. Tatarov O Yu, Kaidanky na kameru: tendentsiia do provedennia zatryman bez ukhvaly slidchoho suddi stanovyt zahrozu pravam osoby [Handcuffs on camera: the tendency to hold detentions without a decision of the investigating judge poses a threat to individual rights] (2016) 18 (1264) Zakon i biznes data zvernennia 14.05.2021 [in Ukrainian].
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  СONFERENCE PAPERS

1. Pohoretskyi M A, Zakhysnyk – subiekt dokazuvannia na dosudovomu provadzhenni za chynnym KPK Ukrainy: problemni pytannia [The defender is the subject of evidence in pre-trial proceedings under the current Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine: problematic issues]. Aktualni pytannia derzhavotvorennia v Ukraini: materialy mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (Kyiv, 23 travnia 2014 r.) (Kyiv, PrintServis, 2014) 480–482 [in Ukrainian].

  DISSERTATIONS

1. Malanchuk P M, Funktsiia zakhystu v kryminalnomu protsesi Ukrainy [The function of defense in the criminal process of Ukraine] (dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: 12.00.09. Kyiv, 2007) 201 [in Ukrainian].
2. Ostrohliad O V, Zdiisnennia advokatom zakhystu u stadii apeliatsiinoho perehliadu rishen sudu pershoi instantsii [Implementation of defense by a lawyer at the stage of appellate review of decisions of the court of first instance] (dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: 12.00.09. Ivano-Frankivsk, 2007) 194 [in Ukrainian].
3. Vybornova Ye I, Realizatsiia prava na zakhyst na stadii dosudovoho slidstva [Realization of the right to protection at the stage of pre-trial investigation] (avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: 12.00.09. Kyiv, 2009) 19 [in Ukrainian].

  WEBSITES

1. Yaki vymohy vysuvaie KPK do zdiisnennia kryminalnoho provadzhennia stosovno profesiinoho suddi [What are the requirements of the Criminal Procedure Code for conducting criminal proceedings against a professional judge] data zvernennia 14.05.2021 [in Ukrainian].