Review

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the problematic issues of defining the concept of criminal procedural relations at the pre-trial investigation stage under the current Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to analyze the doctrinal approaches to the definition of the concept of criminal procedural relations and, based on its results, to formulate the author’s own concept of criminal procedural relations at the pre-trial investigation by revealing their essential features. The article examines the genesis of criminal procedural relations in pre-trial investigation and concludes that the current state of criminal procedural relations in pre-trial investigation under the current Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine is due to the genesis of the institute of domestic pre-trial investigation which has undergone significant transformation over the centuries. Based on the results of the analysis of the concepts of criminal procedural relations available in the theory of criminal procedure, the author concludes that the doctrine of criminal procedural law lacks unity of approaches to the definition of the concept of criminal procedural legal relations, which is due to the existence of different scientific positions regarding the legal nature and essential features thereof. Highlighting the essential features of criminal procedural relations, the author formulates the author’s definition of criminal procedural relations as those regulated by the provisions of criminal procedure legislation, which arise, develop and terminate in criminal proceedings on the basis of decisions of a person who conducts criminal proceedings or has grounds to give instructions or orders for certain procedural actions in criminal proceedings, and within which the powers of the parties to criminal proceedings are exercised. The author reveals the interrelation of criminal and criminal procedural relations. The content of criminal procedural relations is defined and the essence of each of its elements is revealed. The author emphasizes that criminal procedural relations actually function in two aspects: firstly, in their system as a set of interdependent and interrelated relations; secondly, as single procedural relations which make up the system. Keywords: criminal procedural relations, pre-trial investigation, essential features of criminal procedural legal relations, subjects of criminal procedural legal relations. REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHY AUTHORED BOOKS

1. Kaplina O V, Shylo O H, Trofimenko V M, Kryminalnyi protses [Criminal process] (Kharkiv, Pravo, 2018) 16 [in Ukrainian].
2. Kovalenko Ye H, Maliarenko V T, Kryminalnyi protses Ukrainy [Criminal process of Ukraine] (Kyiv, Yurinkom Inter, 2008) 25 [in Ukrainian].
3. Kryminalnyi protses [Criminal process] / Rozhnova V V, Savytskyi D O, Koniushenko Ya O, Churikova I V, Omelchenko O Ye, Pysmennyi D P, Khablo O Yu (Dnipro, 2016) 35 [in Ukrainian].
4. Pohoretskyi M A, Kryminalno-protsesualni pravovidnosyny: struktura i systema [Criminal procedural legal relations: structure and system] (Kharkiv, Arsis LTD, 2002) 160 [in Ukrainian].
5. Pohoretskyi M A, Funktsionalne pryznachennia operatyvno-rozshukovoi diialnosti u kryminalnomu protsesi [Functional assignment of investigative activity in the criminal process] (Kharkiv, Arsis LTD, 2007) 576 [in Ukrainian].
6. Tatarov O Yu, Dosudove provadzhennia v kryminalnomu protsesi Ukrainy: teoretyko-pravovi ta orhanizatsiini zasady [Pre-trial proceedings in the criminal process of Ukraine: theoretical, legal and organizational principles] (Donetsk, TOV «VPP Promin», 2012) 640 [in Ukrainian].
7. Tsutskiridze M S, Kryminalna protsesualna diialnist slidchoho: teoriia ta praktyka [Criminal procedural activity of the investigator] (vstupne slovo prof. M A Pohoretskoho) (Kyiv, Alerta, 2020) 562 [in Ukrainian].
8. Teoriia derzhavy i prava [Theory of the state and law] / Vediernikov Yu A, Serdiuk I A, Kurakin O M (Dnipropetrovsk, Dniprop. derzh. un-t vnutr. sprav, 2015) 188–189 [in Ukrainian].
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EDITED BOOKS

1. Kopeichykova V V (ed.), Zahalna teoriia derzhavy i prava [General theory of the state and law] (Kyiv, 1997) 190–191 [in Ukrainian].

ARTICLES

1. Pohoretskyi M A, Spivvidnoshennia piznannia i dokazuvannia u kryminalnomu protsesi ta mistse v nykh operatyvno-rozshukovoi diialnosti [Correlation of knowledge and evidence in the criminal process and the place of investigative activity in them] 7 Pytannia borotby zi zlochynnistiu (Kharkiv, Pravo, 2003) 114–132 [in Ukrainian].
2. Pohoretskyi M, Poniattia, zmist ta struktura kryminalnoho protsesu: problemy teorii ta praktyky [The concept, content and structure of the criminal process: problems of theory and practice] (2013) Pravo Ukrainy 42–54 [in Ukrainian].
3. Pohoretskyi M A, P’iat rokiv chynnosti kryminalnoho protsesualnoho kodeksu [Five years of the Criminal Procedure Code] (2017) 3 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 11–27 [in Ukrainian].
4. Pohoretskyi M A, Slidchyi – sub’iekt kryminalnoprotsesualnykh pravovidnosyn [The investigator is the subject of criminal-procedural legal relations] Problemy provadzhennia pravovykh reform v Ukraini: zb. nauk. prats (Kharkiv, Nats. yuryd. Akademiia Ukrainy, 1996) 121–12 [in Ukrainian].
5. Pohoretskyi M A, Dosudove slidstvo Ukrainy: istoriia ta suchasnist [Pretrial investigation of Ukraine: history and modernity] (2002) 3 Visnyk Luhanskoi akad. vnutr. sprav Ukrainy im. 10-richchia nezalezhnosti Ukrainy 216–227 [in Ukrainian].
6. Pohoretskyi M, Rozshuk zlochyntsiv ta dokazuvannia yikhnoi vyny za chasiv Ruskoi Pravdy [Searching for criminals and proving their guilt during the time of Russian Truth] (2002) 3 Pravo i bezpeka 73–77 [in Ukrainian].
7. Pohoretskyi M A, Rozshuk u kozatsku dobu [Search in the Cossack era] (2003) 1 (2) Pravo i bezpeka 117–120 [in Ukrainian].
8. Pohoretskyi M A, Proslukhovuvannia telefonnykh rozmov: yevropeiski standarty [Wiretapping: European standards] (2003) 9 Visnyk prokuratury 45–51 [in Ukrainian].
9. Pohoretskyi N A, O sootnoshenii rozyska, doznanija i sledstvija po Ustavu ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva 1864 g [On the relationship between search, investigation and investigation according to the Statute of Criminal Procedure of 1864] (2014) 9 (46) Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava 1972–1979 [in Russian].
10. Pohoretskyi N A, Novely proektu novoho KPK Ukrainy i problemy yikh relazatsii u pravozastosovnii diialnosti [Amendments to the project of the new Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine and the problems of their implementation in law enforcement activities] (2012) 1 (27) Borotba z orhanizovanoiu zlochynnistiu i koruptsiieiu (teoriia i praktyka) 208–216 [in Ukrainian].
11. Pohoretskyi M A, Nehlasni slidchi (rozshukovi) dii: problemy provadzhennia ta vykorystannia rezultativ u dokazuvanni [Covert investigative (search) actions: problems of proceedings and use of results in evidence] (2013) 1 Yurydychnyi chasopys Natsionalnoi akademii vnutrishnikh sprav 270–277 [in Ukrainian].
12. Pohoretskyi M A, Serhieieva D B, Nehlasni slidchi (rozshukovi) dii ta operatyvno-rozshukovi zakhody: poniattia, sutnist i spivvidnoshennia [Covert investigative (research) actions and operationalresearch measures: concept, essence and relationship] (2014) 2 (33) Borotba z orhanizovanoiu zlochynnistiu i koruptsiieiu (teoriia i praktyka) 137–141 [in Ukrainian].
13. Pohoretskyi M A, Starenkyi O S, Nehlasni slidchi (rozshukovi) dii yak zasoby otrymannia dokaziv: okremi problemni pytannia [Covert investigative (research) actions as a means of obtaining evidence: certain problematic issues] (2018) 8 Pravo Ukrainy 85–106 [in Ukrainian].
14. Pohoretskyi M A, Znachenye razrabotky problem uholovno-protsessualn’kh otnoshenyi dlia razvytyia nauky uholovnoho protsessa [The importance of developing problems of criminal procedural relations for the development of the science of criminal procedure] (1999) 4 (1) Problemy vdoskonalennia zakonodavstva ta praktyka yoho zastosuvannia z urakhuvanniam prohnozu zlochynnosti: Visnyk Luhanskoho instytutu vnutrishnikh sprav MVS Ukrainy 34–39 [in Russian].
15. Pohoretskyi M A, Pro poniattia kryminalno-protsesualnykh pravovidnosyn [On the concept of criminal procedural legal relations] (1999) 2 (17) Visnyk Akademii pravovykh nauk Ukrainy 142–147 [in Ukrainian].
16. Pohoretskyi M A, Pravovidnosyny u sferi kryminalnoi yustytsii ta yikh vzaiemozv’iazok [Legal relations in the field of criminal justice and their relationship] (2002) 1 Problemy pravoznavstva ta pravookhoronnoi diialnosti 161–172 [in Ukrainian].
17. Pohoretskyi M A, Vzaiemozv’iazok kryminalnykh, kryminalno-protsesualnykh ta operatyvnorozshukovykh pravovidnosyn [Interrelation of criminal, criminal-procedural and operational-investigative legal relations] (2002) 14 (15) Nauk. visnyk Nats. akad. Sluzhby bezpeky Ukrainy 209–219 [in Ukrainian].
18. Pohoretskyi N A, Soderzhanye y forma uholovno-protsessualnykh otnoshenyi [Content and form of criminal procedural relations] (1999) 9 Visnyk Un-tu vnutr. sprav 170–175 [in Russian].
19. Pohoretskyi N A Subektnyi sostav uholovno-protsessualnykh otnoshenyi [Subjective composition of criminal procedural relations] (1999) 5 (6) Byznesynform 20–23 [in Russian].
20. Pohoretskyi M A, Pochatok dosudovoho rozsliduvannia: okremi problemni pytannia [Beginning of pre-trial investigation: certain problematic issues] (2015) 1 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 93–103 [in Ukrainian].
21. Pohoretskyi M A, Slidchyi – sub’iekt kryminalno-protsesualnykh pravovidnosyn [An investigator is a subject of criminal procedural legal relations] Problemy provadzhennia pravovykh reform v Ukraini (Kharkiv, Nats. yuryd. akad. Ukrainy, 1996) 121–125 [in Ukrainian].
22. Pohoretskyi M A, Starenkyi O S, Povnovazhennia slidchykh orhaniv Derzhavnoho biuro rozsliduvan [Powers of investigative bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation] (2018) 1 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 32–48 [in Ukrainian].
23. Pohoretskyi M A, Serhieieva D B, Problemni pytannia realizatsii protsesualnoho statusu poterpiloho u kryminalnomu provadzhenni [Problematic issues of implementation of the procedural status of the victim in criminal proceedings] (2017) 46 (2) Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. Seriia: Pravo 118–123 [in Ukrainian].
24. Pohoretskyi M A, Chornomorets T O, Realizatsiia povnovazhen slidchoho suddi z rozghliadu ta vyrishennia skarh uchasnykiv kryminalnoho provadzhennia na stadii dosudovoho rozsliduvannia [Implementation of powers of the investigating judge to consider and resolve complaints of participants in criminal proceedings at the stage of pre-trial investigation] (2014) 3 (3) Naukovyi visnyk Khersonskoho derzhavnoho universytetu. Seriia: yurydychni nauky 282–288 [in Ukrainian].
25. Pohoretskyi M, Prokuror u kryminalnomu protsesi: shchodo vyznachennia funktsii [A prosecutor in a criminal trial: regarding the definition of functions] (2015) 6 Pravo Ukrainy 86–95 [in Ukrainian].
26. Pohoretskyi M A, Kushneryk Yu A, Protsesualne kerivnytstvo provadzhenniam slidchykh (rozshukovykh) dii pid chas dosudovoho rozsliduvannia hrabezhiv ta rozboiv [Procedural management of investigative (search) actions during the pre-trial investigation of robberies and robberies] (2014) 1 (6) Pravo i hromadske suspilstvo [in Ukrainian].
27. Pohoretskyi M A, Tsyktich V M, Poniattia, sutnist ta vydy sudovoho kontroliu u dosudovomu provadzhenni [Concept, essence and types of judicial control in pre-trial proceedings] (2014) 3 (25) (2) Nauka i pravookhorona 178–18 [in Ukrainian].
28. Pohoretskyi N A, Klassyfykatsyia uholovno-protsessualn’kh otnosheny [Classification of criminal procedural relations] (1999) 40 Problemy zakonnosti 164–170 [in Russian].
29. Suprunova O V, Poniattia ta elementy kryminalno-protsesualnykh vidnosyn [Concepts and elements of criminal procedural relations] (2014) 5 (2) Pravo i suspilstvo 351–355 [in Ukrainian].
30. Vinnychenko V A, Poniattia «kryminalni protsesualni pravovidnosyny»: vyznachennia poniattia [The concept of «criminal procedural legal relations»: definition of the concept] (2019) 3 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 193 [in Ukrainian].

CONFERENCE PAPERS

1. Pogoretskyi M, Problematic issues of implementation of the guarantees of the victim’s procedural status in the criminal proceedings of Ukraine. Fifth International scientific conference on the topic of «The forensic process and the participation of victims in criminal proceedings» (Wroclaw, 22 November 2016) (Wroclaw, 2017) 4–5.
2. Pohoretskyi M A, Zakhysnyk – sub’iekt dokazuvannia u kryminalnomu protsesi [The defender is the subject of evidence in the criminal process] Orhanizatsiia advokatury i nadannia pravovoi dopomohy v demokratychnomu suspilstvi: dopovidi uchasnykiv mizhn. nauk. – prakt. konf. (18–19 zhovt. 2002 r., Kyiv, IA pry KU im. T. Shevchenka) 27–30 [in Ukrainian].
3. Pohoretskyi M A, Vlasnyi rozsud u suchasnomu kryminalnomu protsesi [Self-discretion in the modern criminal process] (2009) Zasady kryminalnoho sudochynstva ta yikh realizatsiia v zakonotvorchii ta pravozastosovnii diialnosti: tezy dop. ta povid. nauk. – prakt. konf. (Kyiv, Atika, 2009) 340–345 [in Ukrainian].
4. Pohoretskyi M A, Dokazuvannia u kryminalnomu protsesi: poniattia, zmist, struktura [Evidence in the criminal process: concept, content, structure] Aktualni problemy dokazuvannia u kryminalnomu provadzhenni: materialy Vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi Internet-konferentsii (27 lystopada 2013 r., m. Odesa) (Odesa, Yurydychna literatura, 2013) / Alenin Yu P 17–21 [in Ukrainian].
5. Pohoretskyi M A, Zakhysnyk – sub’iekt dokazuvannia na dosudovomu provadzhenni za chynnym KPK Ukrainy: problemni pytannia [The defender is the subject of evidence in pre-trial proceedings under the current Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine: problematic issues] Aktualni pytannia derzhavotvorennia v Ukraini: materialy mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (m. Kyiv, 23 travnia 2014 r.) (Kyiv, PrintServis, 2014) 480–482 [in Ukrainian].
6. Pohoretskyi M A, Prokurorskyi nahliad za zakonnistiu zdiisnennia kontroliu za vchynenniam zlochynu [Prosecutor’s supervision over the legality of control over the commission of a crime] Prokuratura Ukrainy v umovakh yevropeiskoi intehratsii: materialy Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (Kyiv, 19 travnia 2016 roku, Natsionalna akademiia prokuratury Ukrainy) 223–226 [in Ukrainian].

DISSERTATIONS

1. Andrushko O V, Diznannia v orhanakh prykordonnoi sluzhby Ukrainy: protsesualni ta orhanizatsiini aspekty [Research in the bodies of the border service of Ukraine: procedural and organizational aspects] (avtoref. dys. … kand.. yuryd. nauk: 12.00.09. Kyiv, 2005) 17 [in Ukrainian].
2. Nazarenko R I, Kharakterystyka kryminalno-protsesualnykh vidnosyn na pochatkovomu etapi dosudovoho provadzhennia [Characteristics of criminal procedural relations at the initial stage of pre-trial proceedings] (avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.09. Kyiv, Natsionalna akademiia vnutrishnikh sprav, 2001) 9 [in Ukrainian].
3. Pohoretskyi M A, Kryminalno-protsesualni pravovidnosyny slidchoho z orhanom diznannia, nachalnykom slidchoho viddilu ta prokurorom [Criminal-procedural legal relations of the investigator with the body of inquiry, the head of the investigative department and the prosecutor] (avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.09. Kharkiv, Nats. yuryd. akad. Ukrainy, 1997) 9 [in Ukrainian].
4. Pohoretskyi M A, Kryminalno-protsesualni pravovidnosyny slidchoho z orhanom diznannia, nachalnykom slidchoho viddilu ta prokurorom [Criminal-procedural legal relations of the investigator with the body of inquiry, the head of the investigative department and the prosecutor] (avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.09. Kharkiv, Nats. yuryd. akad. Ukrainy, 1997) 10 [in Ukrainian].
5. Pohoretskyi M A, Kryminalno-protsesualni pravovidnosyny slidchoho z orhanom diznannia, nachalnykom slidchoho viddilu ta prokurorom [Criminal-procedural legal relations of the investigator with the body of inquiry, the head of the investigative department and the prosecutor] (avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk: spets. 12.00.09. Kharkiv, Nats. yuryd. akad. Ukrainy, 1997) 17 [in Ukrainian].

52. Yurchenko L V, Teoriia ta praktyka provadzhennia diznannia orhanamy vnutrishnikh sprav Ukrainy [Theory and practice of investigation by internal affairs bodies of Ukraine] (avtoref. dys. … kand.. yuryd. nauk: 12.00.09. Kharkiv, 2002) 18 [in Ukrainian].