Review

Annotation. One of the priority areas of Ukraine’s development as a state governed by the rule of law is the protection of the legitimate interests, rights and freedoms of man and citizen. Law enforcement agencies, special services, courts are the key institutions on whose activities the protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens, security and law and order depend. The level of law and order in the state and society depends on the strict observance of the current legislation by the mentioned institutions. In this context, the strict observance by investigators, operatives and the court of the norms of the legislation regulating the conduct of covert investigative actions, in particular a special investigative experiment, acquires special significance. The purpose of the article is to determine the permissible limits of behavior of an investigator or operational officer during a special investigative experiment. The study shows the significant shortcomings of current legislation governing the conduct of a special investigative experiment and the practice of its application. As a result it is offered: 1. Given that a special investigative experiment is carried out on crimes that are being prepared or committed, as well as the practical impossibility of distinguishing between conditions that should contribute to the manifestation of existing intentions of the object of the case and conditions that contribute to the formation of such intentions and their implementation active actions to create conditions conducive to the development of a crime or the formation of criminal intent. 2. Since the experiment differs from observation by active interaction with the object under study, the very concept of «special investigative experiment» and its definition are given in the Instruction on the organization of covert investigative (search) actions and use of their results in criminal proceedings. It is proposed to replace the term «special investigative experiment» with the term «special investigative control» or «passive investigative experiment» and define it as observation of a person whose actions show signs of a serious or especially serious crime in order to verify the real intentions of such person and obtain information and documents relevant to the pre-trial investigation. 3. Concerning a special investigative experiment in the understanding of the Instruction, ie regarding active actions to create conditions that contribute to the development of certain events. Such methods of operative-search or counter-intelligence activities, as shown above, are quite acceptable and, under certain conditions, are effective means of detecting and preventing crimes. However, their results cannot be used as evidence in criminal proceedings. This is not a criminal procedure, it is an operational search or counterintelligence activity. With this content of these measures, it is necessary to abandon the concept of «special investigative experiment» and return to the concept of «operational experiment», which should be applied and defined in departmental regulations. Key words: provocation, operative experiment, special investigative experiment, complicity in crime. REFERENCES LIST OF LEGAL DOCUMENTS LEGISLATION

1. Kryminalnyi protsesualnyi kodeks Ukrainy [Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy vid 13 kvitnia 2012 roku N4651-VI data zvernennia 11.10.2020 [in Ukrainian].
2. Kryminalnyi kodeks Ukrainy [Criminal Code of Ukraine]: Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.04.2001 № 2341-III data zvernennia 11.10.2020 [in Ukrainian].
3. Pro operatyvno-rozshukovu diialnist [Аbout operative-search activity: Zakon Ukrainy vid 18 liutoho 1992 roku № 2135-XII data zvernennia 11.10.2020 [in Ukrainian].
4. Instruktsiia pro orhanizatsiiu provedennia nehlasnykh slidchykh (rozshukovykh) dii ta vykorystannia yikh rezultativ u kryminalnomu provadzhenni zatverdzhena Nakazom Heneralnoi prokuratury Ukrainy, Ministerstva vnutrishnikh sprav Ukrainy, Sluzhby bezpeky Ukrainy, Administratsii Derzhavnoi prykordonnoi sluzhby Ukrainy, Ministerstva finansiv Ukrainy, Ministerstva yustytsii Ukrainy vid 16.11.2012 № 114/1042/516/ 1199/936/1687/5 data zvernennia 10.11.2020 [in Ukrainian].

CASES

1. Vyrok u spravi № 661/2139/16 [The judgement of the district court] data zvernennia 11.10.2020 [in Ukrainian].
2. Vyrok u spravi № 161/11422/16-k [The judgement of the district court] data zvernennia 11.10.2020 [in Ukrainian].

BIBLIOGRAPHY ENCYCLOPEDIAS

1. Eksperyment [Wikipedia article] data zvernennia 11.10.2020 [in Ukrainian].

ARTICLES

1. Dudorov O.O. Pro perspektyvy zakonodavchoho unormuvannia provokatsiinoi povedinky ta yii pravovykh naslidkiv [On the prospects of legislative regulation of provocative behavior and its legal consequences] (2020) 2 Visnyk Asotsiatsii kryminalnoho prava Ukrainy 14–56 [in Ukrainian].
2. Maistrenko O. Metody borotby zi zlochynnistiu u zakhidnykh krainakh [Methods of combating crime in Western countries] Vseukrainskyi internet-chasopys POLITYKA. PRAVO. ZhYTTIa data zvernennia 11.10.2020 [in Ukrainian].
3. Nikolaiuk S.I., Radchenko S.I., Provedennia spetsialnoho slidchoho eksperymentu pid chas fiksatsii faktiv zlochyniv u sferi sluzhbovoi diialnosti [Conducting a special investigative experiment during the recording of crimes in the field of official activity] (2015) 2 Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii vnutrishnikh sprav 177–185 data zvernennia 11.10.2020 [in Ukrainian].
4. Pohoretskyi M.A. Zastosuvannia provokatsii v khodi nehlasnykh rozsliduvan: pytannia pravomirnosti The use of provocation in covert investigations: the question of legality] (2016) 1 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 33–43. [in Ukrainian].