Review

Abstract. The article is devoted to the problems of comparative legal analysis of evidence and proof in criminal and business processes. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative legal analysis of evidence and the process of proof in economic and criminal proceedings. Find possible options for implementing the norms of the criminal process to the economic process and vice versa, in order to improve the process of proof as such. The problem of evidence and proof was and remains relevant, despite hundreds of studies on this topic. However, the existence of different approaches at the doctrinal level has a negative effect on the law enforcement activities of the subjects of the legal process. After the research, the following conclusions were made. First, the comparative legal method of analysis for improving legislative mechanisms is extremely effective. Secondly, when comparing the general characteristics of evidence in criminal and economic proceedings, many commonalities were found. Thirdly, attention was paid and it was proposed to implement some provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine to the Economic Procedure Code of Ukraine, taking into account its features, namely: circumstances to be proven in the context of the subject of proof, a complex concept of proof. Fourthly, on the basis of a comparative analysis of codified legislation, the shortcomings of the Criminal Procedure Code were identified, namely: the classification of electronic evidence as documents, rather than its isolation as an independent source, as is the case in the other three procedural codes, the absence of a concept of subject fixed at the legislative level proving. The author describes his own vision of the concept of evidence as specific factual data that contain information about facts that are directly related to the dispute, confirm or deny a certain circumstance, contribute to the correct resolution of the case, obtained legally, from legal sources, fixed in a certain procedural law provided by law in the form of means of proof (sources of evidence – KPK) and examined in court in a proper manner. Key words: evidence, proof, subject of proof, means of proof, sources of evidence, economic process, criminal process.   REFERENCES LEGAL DOCUMENTS LEGISLATION

1. Hospodarskyi protsesualnyi kodeks Ukrainy [Economic Procedure Code of Ukraine] vid 06.11.1991 № 1799-XII data zvernennia 16.09.2021[in Ukrainian].
2. Kryminalnyi protsesualnyi kodeks Ukrainy [Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine] Zakon Ukrainy vid 13.04.2012 № 4651-VI data zvernennia 16.09.2021 [in Ukrainian].

CASE

1. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu u skladi kolehii suddiv Kasatsiinoho hospodarskoho sudu vid 05.02.2019 u spravi № 914/1131/18 [Resolution of the Supreme Court as part of the panel of judges of the Cassation Economic Court dated 05.02.2019 in case No. 914/1131/18] data zvernennia 16.09.2021 [in Ukrainian].

BIBLIOGRAPHY AUTHORED BOOKS

1. Alekseev S S, Obshchaia teoryia prava: V 2-kh t. 2 (M., Yuryd. lyteratura, 1982) 586 [in Ukrainian].
2. Vapniarchuk V V, Teoriia i praktyka kryminalnoho protsesualnoho dokazuvannia [Theory and practice of criminal procedural evidence] (Kharkiv, Yuray̆t, 2017) 408 [in Ukrainian].
3. Vyshinskij A Ja, Teorija sudebnyh dokazatel’stv v sovetskom prave [Theory of judicial evidence in Soviet law] (Moskva, Mysl’, 1950) 389 [in Ukrainian].
4. Kleinman A F, Noveishye techenyia v sovetskoi nauke hrazhdanskoho protsessualnoho prava [New trends in the Soviet science of civil procedural law] (M., Yuryd. lyteratura, 1967) 97 [in Ukrainian].
5. Mykheienko M M, Kryminalnyi protses Ukrainy [Criminal process of Ukraine] (Kyiv, Lybid, 1999) 115–117 [in Ukrainian].
6. Muravyn A B, Uholovnыi protsess. Voprosы Obshchei chasty: Uchebnoe posobye [Criminal Procedure. Questions of the General Part: Teaching manual] (Odessa, AO BAKhVA, 1997) 480 [in Ukrainian].
7. Nor V T, Problemy teorii i praktyky sudovykh dokaziv [Problems of theory and practice of forensic evidence] (Lviv, 1978) 73–75 [in Ukrainian].
8. Pohoretskyy̆ M A, Funktsionalne pryznachennia operatyvno-rozshukovoï diialnosti u kryminalnomu protsesi [Functional assignment of investigative activity in the criminal process]: monohrafiia (Xarkiv, Arsis, LTD, 2007) 576 [in Ukrainian].
9. Popeliushko V O, Predmet dokazuvannia v kryminalnomu protsesi [The subject of proof in a criminal trial] (Ostroh, 2001) 196 [in Ukrainian].
10. Strohovych M S, Teoryia sudebnыkh dokazatelstv [Theory of judicial evidence] (M., Prohress, 1991) 494 [in Ukrainian].
11. Treushnykov M K, Otnosymost y dopustymost dokazatelstv v hrazhdanskom protsesse [Relevance and admissibility of evidence in civil proceedings] (M., Yuryd. lyt., 1981) 96 [in Ukrainian].
12. Treushnykov M K, Sudebnie dokazatelstva [Court evidence] monohrafyia (M., Yurydycheskoe biuro «Horodets», 1997) 446 [in Ukrainian].
13. Fatkullyn F N, Obshchye problemы protsessualnoho dokazivanyia [General problems of procedural proof] (Kazan, 1976) 384 [in Ukrainian].
14. Cheltsov M A, Sovetskyi uholovnii protsess [Soviet Criminal Procedure] (M., 1951) 512 [in Ukrainian].
15. Chechot D M, E Yu Novykov, Sudebnыe dokazatelstva [Novikov, Judicial evidence] (M., Prospekt, 1996) 285 [in Ukrainian].
16. Shtefan M Y, Tsyvilne protsesualne pravo Ukrainy: Akademichnyi kurs: pidruch. dlia stud. yuryd. spets. vyshch. navch. zakl. (K., Kontsern Vydavnychyi Dim «In Yure», 2005) 624 [in Ukrainian].
17. Shumylo M Ye, Reabilitatsiia v kryminalnomu protsesi Ukrainy [Rehabilitation in the criminal process of Ukraine] (Kharkiv, 2002) 118 [in Ukrainian].
18. Yudelson K S, Problema dokazыvanyia v sovetskom hrazhdanskom protsesse [The Problem of Proof in Soviet Civil Procedure] (M., 1951) 514 [in Ukrainian].

EDITED BOOKS

1. Zhohyn N V (red.), Teoryia dokazatelstv v sovetskom uholovnom protsesse [Theory of Evidence in the Soviet Criminal Process] (M., Yuryd. lyteratura, 1973) 736 [in Ukrainian].

ARTICLES

1. Hroshevyi Yu, Deiaki problemy kryminalno-protsesualnoi teorii [Some problems of the criminal procedural theory] (2004) 3 (38) Visnyk Akad. prav. Nauk 144 [in Ukrainian].
2. Kvita O T, Dokaz v hospodarskomu protsesi: poniattia ta predmet [Evidence in the economic process: concept and subject] (2015) 33(1) Naukovyy̆ visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu 169–172 [in Ukrainian].
3. Kurylev S V, Dokazyvanie i ego mesto v processe poznanija [Evidence and its place in the process of knowledge] (1955) 13 Trudy Irkutskogo gos. un-ta. 465 [in Ukrainian].
4. Lezhukh T I, Zahalna kharakterystyka dokaziv tsyvilnomu protsesi Ukrainy [General characteristics of evidence in the civil process of Ukraine] (2014) 5 Natsyonalnyi yurydycheskyi zhurnal: teoryia y praktyka 99–104 [in Ukrainian].
5. Lupynskaia P A, O poniatyy sudebnыkh dokazatelstv [On the concept of judicial evidence] (1958) 5 Uchenie zapysky VIuZY98–115 [in Ukrainian].
6. Lukashevych V Z, O poniatyy dokazatelstva v sovetskom uholovnom protsesse [On the Concept of Evidence in the Soviet Criminal Process] (1963) 1 Pravovedenye 116–119 [in Ukrainian].
7. Stepanova T V, Mistse sudovykh dokaziv u protsesi rozghliadu hospodarskykh sporiv [The place of judicial evidence in the process of consideration of economic disputes] (2001) 4 Visnyk hospodarskoho sudochynstva 183–186 [in Ukrainian].
8. Stepanova T V, Poniattia, sutnist ta predmet dovedennia v hospodarskomu protsesi [Concept, essence and subject of proof in economic process] (2002) 2 Pravo Ukrainy 49–52 [in Ukrainian].
9. Pohoretskyi M A, Dokazy u kryminalnomu protsesi: problemni pytannia [Dokazy u kryminalnomu protsesi: problemni pytannia] (2011) 1(13) Chasopys Natsionalnoho universytetu «Ostrozka akademiia». Seriia «Pravo» data zvernennia 16.09.2021 [in Ukrainian].
10. Pohoretskyi M A, Nova kontseptsiia kryminalnoho protsesualnoho dokazuvannia [New Concept of Criminal Procedural Evidence] (2015) 3 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 70 [in Ukrainian].

DISSERTATION

1. Stepanova T V, Dokazuvannia ta dokazy v hospodarskomu protsesi Ukrainy [Evidence and Evidence in the Economic Process of Ukraine] (dys. kand. yuryd. nauk: 12.00.04. Odeskyi natsionalnyi un-t im. I.I. Mechnykova, 2002) 191 [in Ukrainian].