Review

Absract. The issue of conducting an urgent search and legalizing its results for use in evidence is one of the most controversial in the theory and practice of the criminal process. The criminal procedural legislation provides for two grounds on which it is possible to break into a person’s home or other property without the owner’s voluntary consent or the decision of the investigating judge: 1) saving people’s lives and property; 2) direct prosecution of persons suspected of committing a criminal offense. Instead, the analysis of law enforcement practice and doctrinal sources indicates the debatable nature of a number of issues related to determining the grounds for an emergency search. The purpose of the article is to obtain scientific results in the form of theoretically grounded provisions regarding the grounds for conducting an emergency search, as well as formulating proposals for improving criminal procedural legislation based on them. The article analyzes the concept of «urgency» of investigative (search) actions in general and search in particular. Based on the analysis of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and doctrinal sources, the author comes to the opinion that the urgency of the circumstances under which the search is conducted on the basis of part 3 of Art. 233 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine must be objective and sufficient to ensure proportionality between the restriction of the rights and legitimate interests of a person when entering a home or other property and the purpose of conducting such a search under specific circumstances that must be determined in each specific case. It is noted that the understanding and interpretation of the grounds for conducting an urgent search both in the theory of the criminal process and in the practice of implementing Art. 233 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine should be carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of all the circumstances of the criminal proceedings, conditions and investigative situation that exist at the time of this investigative (search) action, ensuring the legality of the purpose of the search and the balance of public and private interests. It is proposed to make changes to Part 3 of Art. 233 of the CCP of Ukraine. Key words: investigative (search) actions, search, housing and other property of a person, rights and legal interests, investigative judge, judicial control, urgency.     REFERENCES LIST OF LEGAL DOCUMENTS LEGISLATION

1. Konstytutsiya Ukrayiny: Zakon Ukrayiny vid 28.06.1996 № 254k/96-VR (1996) 30 Vidomosti Verkhovnoyi Rady Ukrayiny 141 [in Ukrainian].
2. Kryminalnyi protsesualnyi kodeks Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 13.04.2012 № 4651-VІ data zvernennia 15.10.2021 [in Ukrainian].

CASES

1. Сase of Kuzminas v. Russia. Application no. 69810/11. data zvernennia 15.10.2021 [in Ukrainian].
2. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu u spravi № 573/2028/19 vid 08.04.2021. data zvernennia 15.10.2021 [in Ukrainian].
3. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu u spravi № 755/5825/18 vid 24.03.2020 data zvernennia 15.10.2021 [in Ukrainian].

BIBLIOGRAPHY AUTHORED BOOKS

1. Pohoretskyi M A, Funktsionalne pryznachennia operatyvno-rozshukovoi diialnosti u kryminalnomu protsesi [Functional purpose of investigative activity in the criminal process] (Kharkiv, Arsis LTD, 2007) 576 [in Ukrainian].
2. Sharenko S L, Theoretical and practical bases of activity of the investigating judge in criminal proceedings [Theoretical and practical bases of activity of the investigating judge in criminal proceedings] (Kharkiv, Pravo, 2021) 480 [in Ukrainian].
3. Titko I A, Otsinni ponyattya u kryminalʹno-protsesualʹnomu pravi Ukrayiny [Evaluative concepts in criminal procedural law of Ukraine] (Kharkiv, Pravo, 2010) 216 [in Ukrainian].
4. Tertyshnyk V M, Kryminalʹnyy protses Ukrayiny. Osoblyva chastyna [Criminal process of Ukraine. Special part] pidruchnyk (Kyiv, Alerta, 2014) [in Ukrainian].

ARTICLES

1. Malyarenko V T, On the inviolability of a person’s home and other possessions as a basis for criminal proceedings [On the inviolability of a person’s home and other possessions as a basis for criminal proceedings] (2004) 9 Bulletin of the Supreme Court of Ukraine . data zvernennia 15.10.2021 [in Ukrainian].
2. Shulʹha A O, Nevidkladnistʹ slidchykh (rozshukovykh) diy ta nehlasnykh slidchykh (rozshukovykh) diy [Urgency of investigative (search) actions and covert investigative (search) actions] (2018) 2 (63) Pravovyy chasopys Donbasu 160–163 [in Ukrainian].
3. Pavlyshyn A, Slyucharchuk K H, Standart dokazuvannya «dostatnya pidstava»: tlumachennya Verkhovnoho sudu SSHA ta natsionalʹna praktyka zastosuvannya [The «sufficient basis» standard of proof: the interpretation of the US Supreme Court and the national practice of application] (2018) 1(20) Pravova pozytsiya 103–110 [in Ukrainian].
4. Pohoretsʹkyy M A, Mitskan O A Standart dokazuvannya «dostatnya pidstava» u kryminalʹnomu protsesi Ukrayiny [The standard of proof «sufficient basis» in the criminal process of Ukraine] (2019) 3 Visnyk kryminalʹnoho sudochynstva 31–42 [in Ukrainian].
5. Pohoretskyi M A, Slidchi dii: poniattia i klasyfikatsiia [Investigative actions: concepts and classification] (2008) 1 Nauk. visnyk Kyivskoho nats. un-tu vnutr. sprav: nauk. – teoret. zhurn 142–148 [in Ukrainian].
6. Pohoretskyi M A, Pochatok dosudovoho rozsliduvannia: okremi problemni pytannia [Beginning of pre-trial investigation: certain problematic issues] (2015) 1 Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva 93–103 [in Ukrainian].
7. M A Pohoretskyi, O V Bahanets, Obshuk osoby u kryminalnykh provadzhenniakh shchodo pryiniattia propozytsii, obitsianky abo oderzhannia nepravomirnoi vyhody sluzhbovoiu osoboiu [Search of a person in criminal proceedings regarding the acceptance of an offer, promise or receipt of an illegal benefit by an official] (2017) 12 Pravo Ukrainy 62–73 [in Ukrainian].

CONFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Kosʹmin O V, Pravovi pidstavy provedennya okremykh slidchykh diy, pov’yazanykh iz pronyknennyam do zhytla chy inshoho volodinnya osoby: problemni pytannya [Legal grounds for carrying out separate investigative actions related to the intrusion into a person’s home or other property: problematic issues] Dosudove rozsliduvannya: aktualʹni problemy ta shlyakhy yikh vyrishennya: materialy postiyno diyuch. nauk. – prakt. seminaru (Kharkiv, 27 lystop. 2015 r.) 7 (Kharkiv, 2015) 64–67 [in Ukrainian].
2. Vehera I V, Osoblyvosti pravovoho rehulyuvannya pidstav pronyknennya do zhytla chy inshoho volodinnya osoby za vidsutnosti yiyi z·hody ta bez ukhvaly slidchoho suddi [Peculiarities of legal regulation of the grounds for breaking into a person’s home or other property in the absence of his consent and without a decision of the investigating judge] Lyudyna i zakon: publichno-pravovyy vymir: materialy mizhnar. nauk. – prakt. konf., 2–3 zhovt. 2015 r. (Dnipropetrovsʹk, 2015) 78–80 [in Ukrainian].
3. Pohoretskyi M A, Problemni pytannia obshuku osoby. Aktualni pytannia kryminalnoho protsesu, kryminalistyky ta sudovoi ekspertyzy [Problematic issues of identity search. Current issues of the criminal process, criminology and forensics] materialy mizhvidom. nauk. – prakt. konf. (m. Kyïv, 24 lystop. 2017 r.) 1 (Kyïv, Nats. akad. vnutr. sprav, 2017) 182–184 [in Ukrainian].
4. M A Pohoretskyi, M M Pohoretskyi, Kryminalni protsesualni harantii advokatskoi taiemnytsi pid chas provedennia obshuku: problemni pytannia [Criminal procedural guarantees of lawyer confidentiality during a search: problematic issues.] Advokatura: mynule ta suchasnist: materialy V Mizhnarod. nauk. konf. (m. Odesa, 14 lytopada 2015 r.) (Odesa, Yurydychna literatura, 2015) 7–12 [in Ukrainian].

DISSERTATIONS

1. Karpushyn S Yu, Provedennya slidchykh (rozshukovykh) diy [Conducting investigative (search) actions] (dys kand yuryd nauk 12.00.09 Natsionalʹna akademiya vnutrishnikh sprav Kyiv, 2016) [in Ukrainian].
2. Vehera-Izhevsʹka I V, Zabezpechennya prava na nedotorkanistʹ zhytla chy inshoho volodinnya osoby [Ensuring the right to inviolability of a person’s home or other property] (dys kand yuryd nauk 12.00.09 Natsionalʹnyy yurydychnyy universytet imeni Yaroslava Mudroho. Kharkiv, 2018) [in Ukrainian].
3. Voytovych I I, Protsesualʹni i taktychni osoblyvosti provadzhennya nevidkladnykh slidchykh diy [Procedural and tactical features of conducting urgent investigative actions] (dys kand yuryd nauk 12.00.09 Odesʹka yurydychna akademiya. Odesa, 2012) [in Ukrainian].