Review

One of the disadvantages of the current Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine is the lack of a clear legal regulation of the procedural for announcing a person on the international wanted list and its direct implementation, the uncertainty of the body announcing the person on the international wanted list, as well as the moment from which the person is considered as being in international wanted list. All this leads to ambiguous understanding of these issues by practitioners and unequal formation of law enforcement practice.

Taking into consideration abovementioned, the authors of the article aim to research the procedure for announcing a person on the international wanted list and its direct implementation, to determine the body that announces the person on the international wanted list, as well as the moment from which the person is considered to be on the international wanted list.

The authors of the article have analyzed in details the provisions of the current Ukrainian legislation, international legal acts and treaties, as well as internal documents of Interpol and the Interpol General Assembly regarding the international search of a person.

It is concluded that the body responsible for declaring a person on the international wanted list is the General Secretariat of Interpol. The competent law enforcement authorities of the requesting State are only the initiators acting through the relevant Working Unites of the National Central Bureau of Interpol. The moment when a person is put on the international wanted list is the adoption by the General Secretariat of Interpol of a decision – a circular message that is displayed in the Interpol information base. The beginning of the international search is to send a corresponding message to the Interpol Polar Bureau of all participating countries.

The phased procedure for declaring a person on the international wanted list has been determined.

It is stated that the absence at the time of consideration of the request of the prosecutor to choose a preventive measure in the form of detention of a person on the international wanted list, relevant supporting documents (certificate, extract from the Interpol database, etc.) is a justified reason for his dissatisfaction.

It has been established that a prerequisite for a law enforcement agency to request an Interpol NCB inquiry into the international investigation of a person who has committed a criminal offense is the adoption by the investigator, the prosecutor of the decision to declare that person on the international wanted list. The adoption by the investigator, the prosecutor of the appropriate procedural decision in the framework of criminal proceedings is only the first stage for the announcement of a person who has committed a criminal offense on the international wanted list.

References

1. 1. Kryminalnyi protsesualnyi kodeks Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 13.04.2012 № 4651-VI [Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine: The Law of Ukraine] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
2. Pro operatyvno-rozshukovu diialnist: Zakon Ukrainy vid 18.02.1992 № 2135-XII [On the Operational Investigation Activity: Law of Ukraine] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
3. Instruktsiia z orhanizatsii vzaiemodii orhaniv dosudovoho rozsliduvannia z inshymy orhanamy ta pidrozdilamy Natsionalnoi politsii Ukrainy v zapobihanni kryminalnym pravoporushenniam, yikh vyiavlenni ta rozsliduvanni: Nakaz Ministerstva vnutrishnikh sprav Ukrainy vid 07.07.2017 № 575 [Instruction on the organization of interaction of pre-trial investigation bodies with other bodies and units of the National Police of Ukraine in the prevention of criminal offenses, their detection and investigation: Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
4. Dohovir derzhav-uchasnyts Spivdruzhnosti Nezalezhnykh Derzhav pro mizhderzhavnyi rozshuk vid 10.12.2010 [Treaty of the States Parties to the Commonwealth of Independent States on an interstate investigation] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
5. Polozhennia pro Natsionalne tsentralne biuro Interpolu: Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 25.03.1993 № 220 [Regulation on the National Central Bureau of Interpol: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
6. Instruktsiia pro poriadok vykorystannia pravookhoronnymy orhanamy mozhlyvostei Natsionalnoho tsentralnoho biuro Interpolu v Ukraini u poperedzhenni, rozkrytti ta rozsliduvanni zlochyniv, zatverdzhena Nakazom Heneralnoi prokuratury Ukrainy, Sluzhby bezpeky Ukrainy, Derzhavnoho komitetu u spravakh okhorony derzhavnoho kordonu Ukrainy, Derzhavnoi mytnoi sluzhby Ukrainy, Derzhavnoi podatkovoi administratsii Ukrainy vid 09.01.1997 № 3/1/2/5/2/2 [Instruction on the procedure for the use by law enforcement agencies of the capabilities of the National Central Bureau of Interpol in Ukraine in the prevention, disclosure and investigation of crimes, approved by the Order of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine, the Security Service of Ukraine, the State Committee for the Protection of the State Border of Ukraine, the State Customs Service of Ukraine, the State Administration of Ukraine] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
7. Pro Robochyi aparat Ukrbiuro Interpolu: Nakaz Natsionalnoi politsii Ukrainy vid 21.12.2015 № 193 [About the Interpol Bureau UkrBureau: Order of the National Police of Ukraine] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
8. Interpol’s Rules on the Processing of Data 2016 date of issue 20.12.2018 (in England).
9. Statute of the Commission for the Control of Interpol’s Files 2016 date of issue 20.12.2018 (in England).
10. Pro deiaki pytannia poriadku zastosuvannia zapobizhnykh zakhodiv pid chas dosudovoho rozsliduvannia ta sudovoho provadzhennia vidpovidno do Kryminalnoho protsesualnoho kodeksu Ukrainy: Lyst Vyshchoho spetsializovanoho sudu Ukrainy z rozghliadu tsyvilnykh i kryminalnykh sprav vid 04.04.2013
11. № 511–550/0/4–13 [Some Issues on the Precautionary Measures in Pre-trial Investigation and Proceedings Pursuant to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine: Letter from the High Specialized Court of Ukraine for Civil and Criminal Cases] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
12. Sprava № 640/3198/17: Ukhvala Apeliatsiinoho sudu Kharkivskoi oblasti vid 05.03.2018 [Case
13. № 640/3198/17: Decision of the Court of Appeal of Kharkiv Oblast dated 05.03.2018] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
14. Sprava № 752/15027/15-k: Ukhvala Holosiivskoho raionnoho sudu m. Kyieva vid 19.04.2018 [Case
15. № 752/15027/15-к: Decision of the Holosiivskyi District Court of Kyiv dated 19.04.2018] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
16. Sprava № 752/15027/15-k: Ukhvala Holosiivskoho raionnoho sudu m. Kyieva vid 19.04.2018 [Case
17. № 760/21596/18: Decision of the Court of Appeal of Kyiv dated 20.09.2018] data zvernennia 20.12.2018 (in Ukranian).
18. ’Statistichna InformatsIya pro stan zlochinnostI ta rezultati prokurorsko-slIdchoYi dIyalnostI’ [Statistical information on registered criminal offenses and results of their pre-trial investigation for 2014–2018] Ofitsiyniy sayt «Generalna prokuratura UkraYini» data zvernennya 08.06.2018 (in Ukranian).